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Junot Díaz's avatar

Oh boy had a few errors in that post--indispensable and Professor Duong's book title etc--fixed them but still.

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Joshua Davis's avatar

Dear Professor Diaz,

Thank you for this substack, which has given me inspiration and confidence. You are an empowering teacher: I’m grateful for your writing here and for your fiction.

I wanted to ask about symbol, image systems, and metaphorical meaning. I can think of only two places where I’ve encountered this question from my teachers directly:

- Shirley Jackson writes in the New Yorker (“Garlic in Fiction”) about The Haunting of Hill House, how she used symbols to carry the meaning--and therefore the story;

- John Gardner describes an image patterning system where each image repetition evokes an ever widening set of associations. Like throwing pebbles in a pond to watch the ripples combine and recombine.

I imagine if I studied poetry, which I am only beginning to do, I might find more explicit discussion of image and symbol. (I believe Ocean Vuong has written well on metaphor).

But I’m wondering: is this fundamental to storytelling, or is it a mode certain writers work in? Do you consciously pay attention to symbols in your work? Is it better left to the unconscious?

Thank you for your time!

Joshua

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